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Before I begin, let me first start by explaining that cycling is only required with tanks 5 gallons and above. All tanks under 5 gallons cannot establish a stable "cycle" and will simply require frequent water changes to keep the water clean. A "cycled" tank means that beneficial bacteria live on the rocks, decorations, etc. to help keep the water clean. Therefore, such frequent water changes are not necessary. I'm not a water chemist but I'll try to explain it in the easiest format I can: In a fish tank, fish poop and any waste will produce ammonia in their water. Ammonia is lethal to your fish. After a couple of weeks, a good bacteria will appear in the tank and begin to eat the ammonia. This good bacteria will in-turn poop nitrites. Nitrites are lethal to your fish. In a couple more weeks, another good bacteria will appear in the tank and eat the nitrites. Once these two bacteria are established in your tank, the water is livable for your fish. This is what is termed "Cycling". As you'll read from the "sticky", some people cycle their tank without fish aka. fishless. This requires that ammonia has to be introduced to the tank. Some folks use fish food, dead shrimp, or bottled ammonia. Some people cycle their tank with fish in the tank aka. fish-in, therefore the ammonia is introduced to the tank through the fish's waste. However you choose to introduce the ammonia to the tank, the ammonia will start the cycling process. The nitrites will just appear naturally. The most important part of cycling is to understand that ammonia and nitrites are lethal for your fish. That's why a lot of folks choose the "fishless" cycling process. There is so much more information to help you, but it's impossible to list it all here. I'm hoping this general overview will assist you in understanding the "sticky" and any other cycling information you find to research. There are methods and test kits and water changes and other factors that will all come in to play. That is why most folks tend to stay with the smaller tanks/bowls. Bettas are easy to care for because they can thrive in smaller tanks, and therefore allow people to avoid the cycling process.
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